GELAGEN INGREDIENTS
All 13 ingredients dissected. Exact doses, scientific mechanisms, and why each milligram matters for your skin, hair and nails.
All 13 ingredients dissected. Exact doses, scientific mechanisms, and why each milligram matters for your skin, hair and nails.
You can look up any supplement label online. Five seconds on Google and you have the ingredient list. So why are you still searching "Gelagen ingredients"? Because a name on a label tells you nothing. What matters is how much of each ingredient is inside, whether that dose actually does anything according to peer-reviewed science, and whether the ingredients work together or cancel each other out.
Most beauty supplements hide behind something called a "proprietary blend". They list eight, ten, fifteen ingredients on the front of the bottle, but on the back, all of them are lumped into a single number. You see "Skin Rejuvenation Complex - 500mg" and have zero idea whether you are getting 490mg of cheap filler and 10mg of the ingredient that actually works. It is legal. It is common. And it is the reason most supplements do not deliver results.
Gelagen does the opposite. Every single one of its 13 ingredients has its own line on the Supplement Facts panel. The exact dose is printed. The percentage of Daily Value is calculated. Nothing is hidden inside a blend. Nothing is masked.
That transparency is what makes this analysis possible. Below, we go through each of the 13 ingredients one by one. For each one, you will see the exact dose in Gelagen, the % Daily Value, the biological mechanism (what it does inside your body at a cellular level), and a plain-language verdict on whether the dose is adequate, generous, or underwhelming. No ingredient is skipped, no dose is glossed over.
If you have been burned by supplements that promised everything and delivered nothing, this is the page that lets you judge for yourself, with data, before spending a dollar.
Biotin is the ingredient people associate with hair and nail supplements, and for good reason. It is a water-soluble B-vitamin that acts as a coenzyme for five carboxylase enzymes in the human body. These enzymes are directly involved in fatty acid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. In practical terms, biotin provides the raw metabolic machinery your body needs to build keratin, the structural protein that forms hair, skin and nails.
The mechanism is specific: biotin activates acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which catalyzes the first committed step of fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acids are essential building blocks of the lipid matrix that holds skin cells together. Without adequate fatty acid production, the skin barrier weakens, leading to dryness, flaking, and accelerated aging. Biotin also supports propionyl-CoA carboxylase, which is involved in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, the building blocks of keratin fibers.
The dose in Gelagen is 5,000 mcg, which is 16,667% of the Daily Value. That sounds extreme until you understand two things. First, biotin is water-soluble, meaning your body excretes what it does not use through urine. There is no established Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for biotin because toxicity has not been observed even at very high doses. Second, the clinical studies that demonstrated visible improvements in hair thickness, nail hardness, and skin hydration used doses in the 2,500 to 5,000 mcg range. Below that threshold, the effects are marginal. Gelagen uses the upper end of the clinically studied range, not a token sprinkle.
Verdict: 5,000 mcg is the clinical-grade dose. Many competitors use 1,000 or 2,500 mcg to cut costs. Gelagen goes to the top of the evidence-backed range. This is the dose that matters.
B-vitamins rarely work alone. They are part of an interconnected metabolic network where each one feeds into reactions that depend on the others. A supplement that includes one B-vitamin at a high dose but ignores the rest creates a metabolic bottleneck. Your body has the fuel for step one of a process but lacks the cofactors for steps two through five. Gelagen includes four B-complex vitamins alongside Biotin, and the doses are calibrated to work together.
Vitamin B6 is a coenzyme in more than 100 enzymatic reactions in the human body, most of them involving amino acid metabolism. For skin health specifically, B6 is critical because it drives the conversion of the amino acid tryptophan into niacin (vitamin B3), and niacin is directly involved in maintaining the skin barrier function. B6 also plays a central role in hemoglobin synthesis: hemoglobin carries oxygen to hair follicles and skin cells, and without adequate oxygen delivery, cell turnover slows dramatically.
Beyond oxygen delivery, B6 supports the production of serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters that regulate stress response. Chronic stress elevates cortisol, and elevated cortisol accelerates collagen degradation. By supporting neurotransmitter balance, B6 indirectly protects collagen stores. The dose of 2 mg (118% DV) provides a clear margin above the Recommended Dietary Allowance of 1.3 mg for adults, without approaching the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of 100 mg.
Folate is the B-vitamin responsible for DNA synthesis and cell division. Every time a new skin cell is produced in the basal layer of the epidermis, every time a new hair matrix cell is generated at the base of a hair follicle, folate is required. Without it, cell division slows. The turnover cycle of the skin, which should complete in roughly 28 days, stretches to 40 or 50 days. The result is dull, rough skin that holds onto dead cells too long and does not heal efficiently.
Folate works alongside B12 in the methionine cycle, regenerating the amino acid methionine from homocysteine. Methionine is then converted into S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), the body's universal methyl donor. SAMe is involved in the methylation reactions that regulate gene expression in skin cells, collagen production, and melanin synthesis. The dose of 442 mcg DFE (110% DV) matches the Recommended Dietary Allowance for adults and ensures the methionine cycle runs smoothly, especially in combination with the B12 also present in Gelagen.
B12 is the other half of the folate-B12 partnership. Without B12, folate gets trapped in a form the body cannot use (the "methyl-folate trap"), and both DNA synthesis and the methionine cycle grind to a halt. This is why B12 deficiency mimics folate deficiency in symptoms: poor skin healing, hair loss, and brittle nails.
B12 is also essential for myelin sheath maintenance and for the integrity of the nervous system, which regulates blood flow to the skin. Peripheral circulation is what delivers nutrients, oxygen, and immune cells to hair follicles and to the dermal layer of the skin. Compromised B12 status has been linked in clinical literature to hyperpigmentation, vitiligo-like changes, and unexplained hair loss that resolves with supplementation.
The dose in Gelagen is 6 mcg (250% DV). B12 is water-soluble with very low toxicity, and the elevated percentage accounts for the fact that absorption of oral B12 is notoriously inefficient, ranging from 1% to 5% of the ingested dose when passive diffusion is the primary pathway. A higher dose ensures that enough reaches the bloodstream even in individuals with suboptimal absorption.
Pantothenic acid is the precursor to Coenzyme A (CoA), one of the most important molecules in human metabolism. CoA is required for the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, steroid hormones, and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. For skin health, the fatty acid synthesis role is paramount: the skin's barrier function depends on a lipid matrix composed of ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol. CoA is required to build all three.
There is also a direct wound-healing mechanism. Clinical studies have shown that pantothenic acid accelerates fibroblast proliferation and promotes the migration of cells into wound sites. Fibroblasts are the cells that produce collagen and elastin. By stimulating fibroblast activity, B5 supports the structural repair of the dermal layer. The dose of 5.2 mg (104% DV) meets the Adequate Intake level, ensuring the CoA pathway is fully supplied.
B-Complex Synergy: These four B-vitamins plus Biotin form an integrated metabolic unit. B6 converts amino acids into building blocks, Folate and B12 drive cell division, B5 fuels fatty acid production, and Biotin provides the carboxylase enzymes that tie them together. Removing any one creates a bottleneck that limits what the others can do.
Oxidative stress is not a marketing buzzword. It is the measurable, documented process by which reactive oxygen species (ROS), molecules generated by UV exposure, pollution, stress, and normal metabolism, damage cellular structures. ROS attack lipid membranes, break collagen cross-links, damage DNA, and trigger inflammatory cascades. The visible result is what people call "aging": wrinkles, sagging, uneven tone, dark spots. Antioxidants neutralize ROS before they cause damage. Gelagen includes three antioxidant vitamins, each with a distinct protective mechanism.
Vitamin A is arguably the most important vitamin for skin, full stop. Dermatologists have prescribed retinoids (derivatives of vitamin A) for decades because of their unmatched ability to regulate epidermal cell differentiation. Vitamin A tells immature skin cells how to become mature, functional keratinocytes. Without this signal, cell turnover becomes chaotic: dead cells accumulate, pores clog, and the skin surface becomes rough and dull.
At the molecular level, vitamin A binds to Retinoic Acid Receptors (RARs) in the cell nucleus, directly activating genes responsible for collagen synthesis, cell proliferation, and sebum regulation. It also upregulates the production of hyaluronic acid in the dermis, the molecule responsible for skin hydration and that "plump" look. Published research has shown that even modest oral retinoid supplementation improves skin elasticity, reduces fine lines, and normalizes pigmentation.
The dose of 630 mcg RAE (70% DV) is deliberately below 100% DV because vitamin A is fat-soluble and does accumulate in the liver. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level is 3,000 mcg RAE per day. At 630 mcg, Gelagen provides a therapeutically meaningful dose while leaving a wide safety margin for the vitamin A people naturally get from food (eggs, dairy, liver, orange vegetables).
Vitamin C is the cofactor that makes collagen possible. Without it, the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase cannot function, and without prolyl hydroxylase, collagen molecules cannot be properly folded into their stable triple-helix structure. Unfolded collagen is dysfunctional collagen: it cannot form fibers, cannot provide structural support, and is rapidly degraded. This is why severe vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) causes skin hemorrhaging, tooth loss, and wound failure.
Beyond collagen synthesis, vitamin C is a potent aqueous-phase antioxidant. It neutralizes ROS in the water-soluble compartments of the cell, protecting DNA and proteins from oxidative damage. It also regenerates vitamin E after vitamin E has neutralized a free radical in the lipid membrane. This recycling partnership between C and E is one of the most well-documented antioxidant synergies in biochemistry.
The dose of 20 mg (22% DV) is a complementary dose, designed to ensure baseline collagen enzyme function without replacing dietary vitamin C intake. Most people consume 70-200 mg of vitamin C daily from food alone (a single orange contains ~70 mg). The Gelagen formulation adds a reliable baseline to bridge any dietary gaps and ensure prolyl hydroxylase is never the limiting factor in your body's collagen production.
While vitamin C protects the water-soluble parts of the cell, vitamin E protects the lipid membranes. Every cell in your body is surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer, and this membrane is extremely vulnerable to a chain reaction called lipid peroxidation, where one oxidized fatty acid triggers the oxidation of the next, domino-style. Vitamin E embeds itself directly into the lipid membrane and interrupts the chain reaction by donating a hydrogen atom to the radical, neutralizing it.
For skin specifically, vitamin E protects the lipid barrier that prevents transepidermal water loss (TEWL). When TEWL increases, skin dries out from the inside. Fine lines become more visible, texture becomes rough, and the skin becomes more susceptible to irritation and environmental damage. Studies have shown that vitamin E supplementation reduces UV-induced skin damage, decreases inflammatory markers, and supports the structural integrity of the skin barrier.
The dose of 7.4 mg (49% DV) is calibrated to work in partnership with the vitamin C in the formula. Once vitamin E neutralizes a free radical in the membrane, it becomes oxidized and inactive. Vitamin C regenerates it back to its active form. This C-E recycling loop means you do not need megadoses of either: they amplify each other. The dose provides meaningful protection without approaching the UL of 1,000 mg.
Antioxidant Trio: Vitamin A regulates cell behavior and collagen gene expression. Vitamin C provides the enzymatic cofactor to physically build collagen. Vitamin E defends the finished structures from oxidative destruction. Together, they cover the full lifecycle: creation, construction, protection.
Vitamins get all the attention. Minerals do the structural work. Without the right trace minerals, enzymes cannot activate, hormones cannot form, and cellular repair cannot proceed regardless of how many vitamins are present.
Zinc is a cofactor in over 300 enzymes in the human body and is a structural component of more than 2,000 transcription factors. For skin, hair, and nails, zinc has three critical roles. First, it is essential for cell division: zinc-dependent enzymes (DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase) are required every time a skin cell, hair follicle cell, or nail matrix cell replicates. Second, zinc is a key component of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes that remodel the extracellular matrix during wound healing and skin renewal. Third, zinc supports the immune function of the skin, modulating inflammatory responses and preventing the chronic low-grade inflammation that accelerates aging.
Zinc deficiency is associated with a well-documented set of dermatological symptoms: hair loss, dermatitis, delayed wound healing, and brittle nails. These symptoms resolve with zinc repletion, confirming the causal relationship. The dose of 2.7 mg (25% DV) is a safe, complementary amount that prevents deficiency without competing for absorption with other divalent minerals (high-dose zinc can block copper absorption, for example). At 25% DV, it adds a reliable baseline to dietary intake.
Iodine's role in beauty supplements is often misunderstood or overlooked entirely. Most people associate iodine exclusively with thyroid function, and that association is exactly why it matters here. The thyroid gland uses iodine to produce thyroid hormones T3 and T4, and these hormones are the master regulators of basal metabolic rate, which controls the speed of every cellular process in the body, including skin cell turnover, hair follicle cycling, and nail growth.
Hypothyroidism (low thyroid function, often caused or worsened by iodine insufficiency) produces a distinctive set of dermatological symptoms: dry, coarse skin, hair that thins and falls out from the outer third of the eyebrows inward, and nails that grow slowly and break easily. These are not cosmetic symptoms that a topical cream can fix. They are systemic symptoms driven by slowed metabolism at the cellular level.
The dose of 42 mcg (28% DV) is a measured, conservative addition. The RDA for iodine is 150 mcg per day, and most people get a portion of this from iodized salt and seafood. Gelagen supplements without overshooting, since excess iodine can paradoxically suppress thyroid function (the Wolff-Chaikoff effect). The calibration here reflects careful formulation, not an attempt to hit an impressive percentage on the label.
The final two ingredients in Gelagen are the ones you will not find in 90% of competing products. They are not expensive, they are not exotic, and they are not new to science. They are simply not on the radar of marketing-driven supplement companies that copy each other's formulas without understanding the biochemistry. Choline and Inositol are the infrastructure ingredients, the ones that make cellular signaling and membrane integrity possible.
Choline is an essential nutrient that is a precursor to phosphatidylcholine, the most abundant phospholipid in human cell membranes. Every cell in your body, every skin cell, every hair matrix cell, every fibroblast, is wrapped in a membrane made largely of phosphatidylcholine. Without adequate choline, new cell membranes cannot be assembled properly, and cell division, the very foundation of skin renewal, slows.
Choline also serves as the precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in muscle control, memory, and the regulation of peripheral blood flow. Adequate peripheral circulation is essential for delivering nutrients and oxygen to hair follicles and to the dermal papilla, the living layer beneath the skin surface where new cells are born.
Additionally, choline is a major methyl donor in the body, participating in the same methylation cycle that folate and B12 support. The dose in Gelagen is a micro-dose designed for synergistic support, ensuring the methylation cycle has all three of its primary methyl donors (folate, B12, and choline) available simultaneously.
Inositol, sometimes called vitamin B8 (though it is not officially classified as a vitamin), is a secondary messenger molecule involved in intracellular signal transduction. When hormones like insulin, thyroid hormones, or growth factors bind to receptors on the surface of a cell, inositol-derived molecules (specifically IP3 and DAG) relay that signal inside the cell, triggering the appropriate response: cell growth, differentiation, or protein synthesis.
For skin and hair, this signaling function is critical. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), one of the primary drivers of hair follicle cycling, depends on inositol-based secondary messengers to exert its effects. Without adequate inositol, the growth signal reaches the cell surface but cannot be relayed inside. The follicle receives the instruction to grow but cannot execute it.
Inositol has also been studied for its role in cellular membrane integrity and in reducing oxidative stress markers. Published research has shown that inositol supplementation improves markers of metabolic health, which in turn supports the systemic conditions (hormonal balance, insulin sensitivity, reduced inflammation) under which skin, hair, and nails thrive. The micro-dose in Gelagen provides the signaling support without the higher doses used for specific metabolic conditions.
Vitamin D is often called the "sunshine vitamin" because the body synthesizes it when UVB radiation hits the skin. But here is the problem: modern life means most people do not get enough sun. Sunscreen (necessary to prevent skin cancer) blocks UVB. Office work means indoor hours during peak sunlight. And after age 40, the skin's ability to synthesize vitamin D drops by approximately 50%.
For skin health, vitamin D is essential because it regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Keratinocytes are the primary cell type of the epidermis, and their orderly maturation from the basal layer to the surface is what gives skin its smooth, even appearance. Vitamin D also modulates the skin's innate immune system, supporting the production of antimicrobial peptides (cathelicidins and defensins) that protect against infection and reduce chronic inflammation.
Clinical studies have linked vitamin D insufficiency to psoriasis, eczema, hair loss (alopecia areata), and premature skin aging. The dose of 10 mcg / 400 IU (50% DV) supplements dietary intake without reaching the UL of 100 mcg (4,000 IU), leaving room for the vitamin D obtained from sun exposure and food. It is the safe-yet-effective approach that characterizes Gelagen's formulation philosophy.
Cellular Renewal Synergy: Choline builds the membranes of new cells. Inositol ensures growth signals reach the inside of those cells. Vitamin D tells the cells how to mature properly. Together with the B-complex driving cell division and the antioxidant shield protecting the results, the 13 ingredients form a complete, interconnected system.
A good formula is defined as much by what it leaves out as by what it includes. Gelagen contains no artificial colors, no artificial sweeteners, no high-fructose corn syrup, no gelatin (the gummies are pectin-based), and no synthetic fillers used to bulk up capsule size. There are no "fairy-dusted" ingredients at 0.001% thrown in just to make the label look impressive.
There is also no proprietary blend. Every ingredient, every dose, every percentage is printed on the label. This is the kind of transparency that costs more to formulate (because you cannot hide cheap fillers behind a blend name) but gives informed consumers exactly what they need to evaluate the product.
The formula is also free of common allergens and sensitivities: no gluten, no dairy, no soy, no nuts. It is made in a facility that follows Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), the same standard required for pharmaceutical production in the United States.
Understanding the formula becomes easier when you see it through the lens of the five biological systems that determine the health of your skin, hair, and nails:
1. Structural Protein Production (Keratin & Collagen): Biotin activates the carboxylase enzymes for amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. Vitamin C provides the cofactor for collagen cross-linking. Vitamin A upregulates collagen gene expression. Zinc enables the cell division needed to produce new structural cells.
2. Cell Division & Turnover: Folate and B12 drive DNA synthesis. Vitamin D regulates keratinocyte differentiation. Choline supplies membranes for new cells. Zinc metalloenzymes enable DNA replication.
3. Oxidative Defense: Vitamin C neutralizes aqueous-phase radicals. Vitamin E interrupts lipid peroxidation in membranes. Vitamin C regenerates spent vitamin E, creating a continuous defense loop. Zinc is a cofactor for superoxide dismutase (SOD), one of the body's primary antioxidant enzymes.
4. Hormonal & Metabolic Support: Iodine fuels thyroid hormone production, the master regulator of metabolic rate. B6 supports neurotransmitter synthesis and cortisol regulation. Inositol relays growth-factor signals inside cells. Pantothenic acid feeds the CoA pathway for steroid hormone synthesis.
5. Barrier Integrity & Hydration: Vitamin E protects the lipid barrier. Pantothenic acid (via CoA) builds ceramides and fatty acids for the barrier. Vitamin A stimulates hyaluronic acid production for deep hydration. Choline provides phosphatidylcholine, the dominant membrane lipid.
No single ingredient can cover all five systems. That is the entire point of a multi-ingredient formulation: each ingredient addresses a specific bottleneck, and together they remove the limitations that prevent your body from doing what it already knows how to do.
Walk into any drugstore and pick up a "hair, skin and nails" supplement. Chances are you will see three patterns. First, a proprietary blend hiding the actual doses. Second, a handful of ingredients (usually biotin, maybe vitamin C) at low doses designed to minimize cost per unit. Third, a collection of 20 to 30 ingredients at micro-doses so small they have no biological activity, included purely so the label looks comprehensive.
Gelagen takes a different approach. Thirteen ingredients. Not thirty. Not five. Thirteen carefully selected nutrients, each at a dose that has either clinical support or clear biochemical justification. The formula is built on the principle that a smaller number of ingredients at meaningful doses outperforms a large number of ingredients at decorative ones.
The Korean formulation philosophy behind Gelagen emphasizes synergy over spectacle. Rather than impressing consumers with a long ingredient list, the focus is on selecting ingredients that amplify each other's effects through proven metabolic pathways. The vitamin C that regenerates vitamin E. The B12 that unlocks folate. The biotin that ties the B-complex network together. Every ingredient has a job, and every job connects to the others.
Combined with the 60-day money-back guarantee, the formula is designed for people who have been disappointed before and want to verify results with their own eyes before committing. If the 13 ingredients do not deliver visible improvements in your skin texture, hair thickness, or nail strength within 60 days, you get your money back. The guarantee exists because the doses are real, the science is documented, and the formula is designed to produce noticeable, measurable results.
After analyzing all 13 ingredients individually, the conclusion is clear. Gelagen is not a formula designed to look good on a label. It is a formula designed to produce results in the body. The doses are clinically informed. The ingredient selection covers all five biological systems involved in skin, hair, and nail health. The synergies between ingredients are real and documented. And the transparency, every dose printed, no proprietary blends, makes it possible for an informed consumer to verify every claim.
If you have been burned by supplements that hid their doses behind blends, that sprinkled a dozen ingredients at meaningless quantities, or that relied on a single ingredient at a high dose while ignoring the metabolic context, Gelagen's 13-ingredient formula is a fundamentally different approach. It is the approach that gives each ingredient the dose it needs to work and the partners it needs to work with.
The only way to get the authentic formula with the exact doses analyzed on this page is through the official Gelagen website. Third-party sellers on Amazon, eBay, or Walmart are not authorized, and there is no way to verify that their product contains the same doses documented here. The official website also offers the 60-day money-back guarantee and bulk pricing that reduces the per-bottle cost significantly.
Gelagen is a legitimate product manufactured in an FDA-registered facility in the United States, with 13 individually disclosed ingredients at transparent doses. There are no proprietary blends, no hidden fees, and no subscription traps. It comes with a 60-day money-back guarantee that eliminates your financial risk. We did a deep investigation into this question. Read the full analysis here.
Gelagen provides 13 clinically relevant nutrients at documented doses that address five biological systems involved in skin, hair, and nail health: structural protein synthesis, cell division, oxidative defense, hormonal support, and barrier integrity. The formula avoids every major failure pattern of the supplement industry (decorative doses, proprietary blends, missing synergies). Results require consistent use and typically become visible at weeks 5-8. Read the full science-based analysis here.
The only authorized source is the official Gelagen website. The product is not sold through Amazon, Walmart, eBay, or any other third-party marketplace. Purchasing from unauthorized sellers puts you at risk for counterfeit products, expired stock, and no access to the 60-day money-back guarantee. Read our complete buyer safety guide here.
Based on the biological growth rates of keratin tissues: weeks 1-2 show no visible changes (nutrients are being distributed to target tissues). Weeks 3-4 may bring subtle improvements in nail hardness and skin hydration. Weeks 5-8 is where most users see visible differences in hair thickness, skin texture, and nail strength. The 60-day guarantee aligns with this biological timeline, giving you enough time to evaluate real results before committing.
Gelagen uses water-soluble B-vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins at doses well below their Tolerable Upper Intake Levels. No significant side effects have been reported. The formula is free of common allergens (no gluten, dairy, soy, or nuts) and contains no artificial colors, artificial sweeteners, or gelatin. As with any supplement, consult your healthcare provider before starting if you are pregnant, nursing, or taking medications.
Yes. Gelagen comes with a 60-day money-back guarantee. This is double the industry-standard 30-day return window and covers two full skin turnover cycles. If you do not see results within 60 days, you can request a full refund through the official website. This guarantee is only valid for purchases made through the official website.
Our comprehensive Gelagen review covers the complete product analysis: the five-pathway mechanism, all 13 ingredients with scientific evidence, real user testimonials, pricing, the 60-day guarantee, and our final verdict on whether Gelagen delivers on its promises. Read the full Gelagen review here.
Disclaimer: This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Gelagen is a dietary supplement and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen. Individual results may vary. This website contains affiliate links, which means we may receive a commission if you purchase through our links, at no additional cost to you. The information about ingredients and dosages is based on the product label and publicly available scientific literature.